Closed-source AI

Artificial intelligence whose source code, training data, and operation are not public — fully controlled by one company.

Used as a gatekeeper for knowledge, news, and human interaction, without anyone being able to check for bias, censorship, or backdoors.

Opposite: open-source AI
Examples (2025):

• Llama 3 – open weights from Meta
• Mistral models – open weights, European initiative
• Ollama – run open models locally on your own hardware
• Hugging Face open repository – thousands of freely available models

These models can be run locally, modified, and audited — without dependence on a single company.

See also → Gatekeepers · Walled garden · Thesis 10

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